Scaffolding Instruction Strategies

Scaffolding Instruction Strategies Scaffolding describes how instruction is planned and delivered to students receiving special education services. Scaffolding instruction refers to specialized teaching strategies geared toward supporting learning when students are first introduced to a new subject. Scaffolding gives students a context, motivation, or foundation from which to understand the new information that will be introduced during the coming lesson. Scaffolding techniques should be considered fundamental to good, solid teaching for all students, not just those with learning disabilities or second language learners. In order for learning to progress, scaffolds should be gradually removed as instruction continues so that students will eventually be able to demonstrate comprehension independently. Scaffolding Strategies Scaffolding instruction includes a wide variety of strategies, including: Activating prior knowledge. This strategy reminds of what they have already learned, often through brief reviews. This helps reduce students anxiety as they move on to new subjects.Offering a motivational context to pique student interest or curiosity in the subject at handBreaking a complex task into easier, more doable steps to facilitate student achievementShowing students an example of the desired outcome before they complete the taskModeling the thought process for students through think aloud talkOffering hints or partial solutions to problemsUsing verbal cues to prompt student answersTeaching students chants or mnemonic devices to ease memorization of key facts or proceduresFacilitating student engagement and participationDisplaying a historical timeline to offer a context for learningUsing graphic organizers (visual aids) to offer a visual framework for assimilating new informationTeaching key vocabulary terms before readingGuiding the students in making predictions for what they expect will occur in a story, experiment, or other course of action Asking questions while reading to encourage deeper investigation of conceptsSuggesting possible strategies for the students to use during independent practiceModeling an activity for the students before they are asked to complete the same or similar activityAsking students to contribute their own experiences that relate to the subject at hand Implementing Scaffolding Strategies A deeper look shows how you can implement a few of the strategies mentioned above into your classroom. Prior knowledge: A great scaffolding technique is to ask students to share their own personal experiences or knowledge about the topic that they are learning about. Have them try and relate the topic in one way or another to their own lives. Visual aids: Visual aids like graphic organizers, charts and photographs all serve as wonderful scaffolding tools because they visually represent what the students are learning about. They are essentially the training wheels students use until they can really get a firm grasp on the information. Pre Teach vocabulary: It is essential to preteach any new vocabulary before moving on to a new subject. Simply introduce the new words through a photo or picture and put each word into context and relate it to something that students already know. Doing so will keep students interested and ready to tackle the next learning objective. Edited By: Janelle Cox

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buy custom Ingram essay This paper will give a detailed account of how technicians can ethically deal with objectionable files on computer systems by first exploring what these files are, their types, origin, how they can be detected and appropriate ways of protecting machines of them. These discussions will however base on normative ethics as applied to determine what is right or wrong in this specific field. Objectionable files are unwanted content that may find their way in to a computer system or program. The problem of objectionable content is universal and millions of computer users all over the whole world are faced with it (Nick, 1999). Computer technicians are therefore charged with ultimate responsibility of ensuring that all unpleasant materials are eliminated from computers. Technicians especially those who specialize in this particular field have the ability to point out the specific files essential for the computer system and those with harmful or explicit content and get rid of them appropriately. Ingram (2004) asserts that these objectionable files are very harmful not only to the computer system but also to humanity especially children. They are a bad influence because pornographic content on the internet on the computer system can easily initiate them into immorality and other forms of sexual violence. Viruses and Trojan horses have harmful effects on the computer system depending on what they were specifically designed for. Being software programs, they are capable of performing operations just like other programs that run the computer. They damage other important files or interfere with normal computer operations. There are other forms that just spread themselves in the computer system but also harmful as they end up corrupting other files. Ethics presents itself when individuals reflect on the purpose and implications of their acts. Consequently ethical theory approaches apply to everyone on daily basis and in every environment. Computer technicians, due to the nature of their must apply ethicaal theories to govern their handling of objectionable files. The most appropriate approach of ethical theory that applies to this situation is normative ethics. Normative ethics seeks to determine morality standards which define wrong and right other than dictating the way one should act to purse what is right (Ganguly, 2010). Objectionable files like viruses and pornographic content should not be tolerated and therefore normative ethics dictate that technicians must use appropriate ways of getting rid of them to be morally right. The society still respects the rights of children and they should be protected from all scenes that can corrupt their minds. Viruses negatively affect the working of computers and therefore they have to be removed (Ganguly, 2010). These are the proper standards which have been defined as valuable and if exercised, they go a long way in ensuring harmony at work. It is morally wrong for computer technicians to expose children and computers to objectionable content. However a good technician will do as discussed below. Buy custom Ingram essay